The Portlough Muster Roll 1630

One early primary source available for Scots-Irish research is the 1630 and 1642 muster rolls taken in those areas settled by Scots.  In the Laggan district in east Donegal the Scots' settlement was in the Portlough precinct.  It is interesting for several reasons, not only does it show Lowland Scottish settlement from Ayrshire, but also many Highland Scots from Argyll and Lennox.  In a muster such as this one the abled bodied men of every family in the district was expect to appear.  This makes the muster rolls function like a census.    If you have DNA tested and your match group includes links to the Laggan, your ancestor will very likely be on this muster roll.


Below is the entire Portlough 1630 muster roll.  The surnames have been left as they were written.

 

1.  The Lord Duke of Lynox, undertaker of 4000 acres, his men and armes

Swords Only

Robert Leackye

James Wood

Andrew Wood

Mathew Lyndsey

William Douglas

Robert Lyndsay

Robert Buchanan

John Galbreath

Alexander Buchanan

Alexander Lawder

James Denniston elder

Andrew Royare

William Laughlan

John Lowrye

John Ralston

William Cokeran

Hector Hinman

Robert Cocheran

John Buchanan

John mcConochy

Robert mcPeter

George Haldin

Robert Horner

Donell Galey

Robert mcKyndely

Robert Glass

Archbell Campbell

ffyndley mcKindley

Andrew mctyre

Alexander Galbreath

John mcKaire

John Thromble

John Smyth

Dunkan mcffarlen

Patrick mcNeron

Wm. McLentock

George Colmories

Robert mcffarlan

John mcffarlan

Patt  mcAndrew

Patt. mcArthur

Robert Denyston

Donnell mcBaxter

John Boyd

Humfrey Colquphone

William Gulilan

John Steward

John McIlman

John Scot

Robert Boyde

Thomas Lowrye

Swords and Snaphances

John Wood

John Martin

John mcLenochan

John Cambell elder

William Deneston

John Buchanan

John Cambell

John mcffarlan

Donnell mcffarlan

Robert Michell

Costyme Ranckein

John Allen

Gilbert mcLyntock

John Brice

James Allan

Dunkan Speney

Thomas Ramsey

John Cock

James Cock

Andrew Cock

William Scot

John mcCawly

John mcGourden

Andrew Lackye

James mcKennye

James Hustone

Robert Lackye

Snaphances Only

James Dromond

Archbald Gambell

 

Swords and Pikes

Morrice mcConnell

John Cocheran

John Snodgarse

John Cambell younger

Owen mcNair

David Lyndsay

Alexander mcLentock

Robert Aickeene

Robert Morison

James Kilsoe

Donnell mcNichol

Dunkan Cambell

Donnell mcBaxter elder

Robert Barlaine

James Richye

John Swayne

John Valentyne

Dunkan Graham

 

Pikes Only

Robert Calmeris

Andrew Calmeris

Sword and Halbert

Hugh Greire

Sword and Calleuer

John mcffarlan

 

No Arms

John Royer,

Morrice Peacock

Walter Lowrye

William mcNevin

Robert Campbell

John mcKyndley

David mcKan

John mcIldonagh

Dunkan mcffarlan

John Crawfford

John Sempell

James Symison

William mcarthur

Robert Reroch

Thomas Crafford

Camack mcCole

Henry Cruse

John Barlone

Thomas Swaine

Patrick Porlerm

Randall mcAlexander

John Douglas

James Logan

Alexander Hamond

Mathew Gillrew

William Hewes

Robert Leman

Donnell mcCahey

Adam Quahone

Neece mcGilrouse

John mcffarlan

Walter Deneston

Anthony Steward

William Noble

John Parmenter

Andrew Galbreath

Willliam Wood

John Wood

John Steward

James Deneston

James Muthey

John Pecock

Walter Roger

Robert Craufourd

John Brittein

Archbald Ballintyne

John Young

Thomas mcKeeg

Gawen mcConnell

John Logan

John Watson

Lamock mcColl

Walter Henry

John Buchanan

Robert Cambell

David Gibb

Dunkan Crafford

John Pearce

George Allyson

John mcGillione

 

2.  The Lady Conningham Widdow of Sir James Conningham, undertaker of 2,000 acres, her men and armes.

Swords and Pikes

William Conningham

James Calquahan

Andrew mcCorkill

John mcCorkill

Tobias Hood

James Davye

Peter Starret

John mcquchowne

James Knox

Adam Garvance

 

Swords and Snaphances

James mcAdowe

ffyndlay Ewing

Dunkan mcffarlan

Ninian ffoulton

James Scot

William Rankin

Daniell Ramsay

Martin Galbreath

Patrick Porter

 Swords and Calleuers

William mcIltherne

David Walker

John Barbor

Sword and Halbert

James Makee

 Swords Only

Andrew George

James mcIlman

Michaell Rot[h?]es

Patrick Miller

Robert Muntgomery

Alexander Conningham

Richard Leaky

Robert Staret

John mcIlhome

Sallomon Giffin

David Reed

Donnell mcDonnell

Alexander Carlell

William Gafeth

 

No Arms

Gilbert Highgate

Patrick Porter

Robert Hasta

William Gambell

John Hunter

John Crawfford

Robert Johnston

Henry Smyth

William Boyes

David Ramsay

William Steward

Robert Crafford

James Conningham

Andrew Conningham

John Crafford

John Hunter

John Wilson

James Bredyne

Mungo Davy

William Richey

John mcIlhome

Henry Hunter

John mcHutchon

James Rankin

William Killy

Robert Pots

William Gambell

John Lyone

James Knox

 

3.  William Steward Esqr.  Lard of Dunduff, undertaker of 1,000 acres, his men and armes.

Swords Only

Archbald Thomson

Andrew Thompson

Robert Alexander

John mcKey

David Kenedye

Patrick Baruzathyn

Anthony Steward

John Steward

Archbald Steward

John Browne

Andrew Browne

Edward Roger

John Moore,

John mcCullagh

John Moire

Patrick Conningham

John Allyson

John Smeally

 Swords and Pikes

John Davidson

Archbald mcEmmory

Roary mcCleane

Patrick Thomson

Donnell Or

Mungo David

John Cambell

John mcLynienie

Archbald Hourd

William Houston

James mcKee

Anthony Kenedy

George Steward

John mcClen

John Cambell

Hugh Gamill

 Swords and Muskets

Robert Thomson

John ffife

 Swords and Snaphances

James Squire

John Conningham

Steaphen Marshell

John Smyth

Michaell Smith

Michaell mcCleary

Donnell Cambell

Archbald Bredene

 

No Arms

John Kelly

Humphrey Cooke

William Wan

ffynley mcKirdly

Alexander mcClaney

John Conningham

John mcffay

Donnell mcNevin alias McNit

John mcKee younger

John mcWalker

James mcKergour

David Kenedy

Alexander mcWilliam

Patrick Steward

Donnell mcCarslaire

James Kenellye

John Campbell

 4.  Mr. Alexander Steward, undertaker of 1,000 acres, his men and armes.

Swords and Pikes

John mcIlwane

Callum mcMuyre

James Cambell

Robert mcKenily

William To[y]es

William Conningham

William Home

Neall mcCurid

Alexander Cambell

 

Swords and Snaphances

Alexander Cambell

John mcKenely

Robert Boyd

Robert Henedy

Storiment Carr

 

Sword and Musket

John Niweme younger

Sword and Target

Walter mcffarlen

Swords Only

John Kennan

Ninian Steward

 

No Arms

Andrew Cambell

Gilbert mcKenny

John Gillaspy

Robert Steward

John Steward

Archbald Steward

William Cambell

James ffyfe

Arch Alexander

John Roger

John Boyill

William Boyill

John Cambell

Gilbert mcCan

 5.  James conningham Esqr.  undertaker of 1,000 acres, his men and armes.

Swords Only

Andrew Crafford

John Gills

Hugh Lokehart

Arch ffynlagh

ffynlay mcCredy

John Browne

Swords and Pikes

John Alexander

George White

Snaphances Only

Andrew Arnott

John Alexander

Adnarle Hoomes

Robert Graham

 

Swords and Snaphances

John Smyth

William Gall

Andrew Smyth

James Gillmore

Robert Roger

Thomas Roger

Thomas Lars

John Adam

Robert Davison

Michaeli Beare

Swords and Halberts

Robert mcKeene

Mathew Giesse

 

No Arms

James ffulloone

George Steavenson

Joseph Browne

William Galbreath

Hugh Leag

Andrew Browne

John Harper

Thomas Stole

Patrick Robison

John Enery

Andrew Leag

John Hururence

John Hamilton

James ffulloone

Robert Patterson

John Cunningham

George Naught

Hugh Leag

James Browne

John mcEuan

George Speare

Mathew mcCadame

John Dyne

Andrew Dyne

Arch Boyle

John Calwell

Robert mcCamy

Robert mcCamy younger

Dunkan mcWrick

Thomas Richmoule

John mcJohn Keine

Mungo Willy

Andrew Cambell

Hugh Mure

Andrew Callhow

 

6.  Mr. John Steward, undertaker of 1,000 acres, his men and armes.

Swords Only

Arch Steward

Andrew Cambell

William Cambell

Illime mcKaine

James ffife

John Steward

 

Pike Only

John Barkly

 

Sword and Snaphance

William Conningham

Sword and Pike

John Bullesine

Pike Only

Robert Steward

John Boyle

John Roger

Arch Alexander

 

No Arms

William Conningham

 

 

The Scots-Irish DNA Project

The Scots-Irish DNA project is open to men that have done Y chromosome paternal DNA testing with Family Tree labs.  To join go to your Projects link on your Family Tree page and tick the Scots-Irish project when it comes up. 

If your surname does not appear in the list of Scots-Irish surnames in the project, just send a note to the project administrators. 

The project will assist Scots-Irish families with genealogy and family history research.  The project is open only to men of Scots-Irish ancestry.

You may also use the link below to join the project.


LINK:  The Scots-Irish DNA Project

Portrait of David Crockett

One could make a very good case that David Crockett is the most famous Scots-Irish man that there has been to date.  (Though Neil Armstrong would also be in the running).   The portrait above was done in 1834 by New York painter Samuel Stillman Osgood (1808-1885). On a lithograph printed by Childs & Leman, Philadelphia, David Crockett wrote: "I am happy to acknowledge this to be the only correct likeness that has been taken of me. David Crockett."

The shaded areas in the map above show where Scots-Irish settled and became the dominate ethnic group.  These areas also represent where Scots-Irish are still found in large numbers in the 21st Century.  The Appalachian area contains a core Scots-Irish area and runs from West Virginia down to the Mississippi Hill Country.  There are two other core Scots-Irish areas, east Texas and the Arkansas mountains, both the Ozarks and Ouachitas.

Sex and the Scots-Irish

An interesting quote from Anglican missionary Charles Woodmason when visiting Scots-Irish backsettlments in the Carolinas in the 1760s: "How would the polite people of London stare, to see the Females (many very pretty) . . . ," he wrote. "The young women have a most uncommon practice, which I cannot break them of. They draw their shirt as tight as possible round their Breasts, and slender waists (for they are generally very finely shaped) and draw their Petticoat close to their Hips to show the fineness of their limbs as that they might as well be in purl naturalibus indeed nakedness is not censurable or indecent here, and they expose themselves often quite naked, without ceremony rubbing themselves and their hair with bears' oil and tying it up behind in a bunch like the indians being hardly one degree removed from them. In a few years I hope to bring about a reformation." 

The Goliad Massacre

On 27 March 1836, some 342 Texan soldiers were executed by the Mexican army in what would be known as the Goliad Massacre.  This was in the opening phase of the Texas War for Independence. The majority of the Texican soldiers were Scots-Irish.  Many of the settlers in Texas were from Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Arkansas and predominately Scots-Irish.

Troutman Goliad Flag

Above is one of the flags used by Texican troops at Goliad.  The single star flag had been used by Scots-Irish people since 1810. 


Link to roster of Texican soldiers at Goliad:  Colonel James Fannin's Command

Battle of Horseshoe Bend 27 March 1814



Americans troops circa 1814

A very famous day in Scots-Irish history is 27 March which is the anniversary of the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.  On this day in 1814 General Andrew Jackson led force consisting of 2,600 American soldiers, 500 Cherokee, and 100 Lower Creek allies to attach the Red Stick Creek fort  defended by 1,000 warriors on Horseshoe Bend on the Tallapoosa River.  The majority of Jackson’s men were Scots-Irish.

The battle began in full at 10:30 that morning with an artillery barrage which consisted of two cannons firing for about two hours.  However, the Red Stick Creek fort was expertly constructed of heavy timber and earth.  Very little damage was done to fortifications and the Red Stick Creek were entirely safe and well supplied behind their walls.

 

Horseshoe Bend today

Jackson ordered a bayonet charge and the 39^th US Infantry led by Colonel John Williams charged the breastworks and engaged the Red Sticks in hand to hand combat.  Sam Houston was an officer that participated in the battle.  He distinguished himself greatly; he was the first man to survive going over the log barricade into the Red Stick lines.  He was wounded by an arrow, a wound that troubled him the rest of his life.  David Crockett was a scout for Jackson’s army, he was scouting when the engagement took place, and while was in the vicinity, did not participate in the fighting of that day.   

More of Jackson's army under General John Coffee crossed the river and joined in the battle.  The fighting was extremely intense and lasted over five hours.  Eventfully Jackson got the upper hand and the Red Stick defenses collapsed.  The Red Stick losses were heavy, between 800 to 1000 dead.  Their Chief, Menawa, was wounded, but survived and led a party of his warriors across the river to safety and escaped to Spanish Florida.  The Scots-Irish losses were between 30 to 40 killed and around 150 wounded. The victory made the area safe for the Scots-Irish settlers.

The Laggan Redshanks

Mongavlin, the Castle of Iníon Dubh


 In the sixteenth century Scottish Highlanders settled in the Laggan district of east Donegal. They were called Redshanks.  The history of the Laggan Redshanks has many fascinating elements which include Clann Chaimbeul and their dynamic leader the fifth Earl of Argyll, Gaelic sexual intrigues, English Machiavellian manoeuvres, and the Redshanks themselves.  This book not only tells the fascinating story of how a Highland Scottish community became established in the Laggan, but also includes the surnames of the Redshanks and notes of their origins in Scotland, which will be of interest to family historians and genealogists.

 

This book has the complete Portlough Muster roll taken in 1630 and includes notes on each of the surnames.  It is available from Amazon as a paperback and Kindle version.

Link to Amazon:  The Laggan Redshanks

I have been asked many times about Highland Scottish surnames among the Scots-Irish.  Over the years as I worked with primary sources I did indeed notice within early Scots-Irish settlements there was a considerable Highland Scot presence.  One part of the story concerns the migration of Highlanders from mid-Argyll and Lennox to east Donegal circa 1569 to 1600.  This migration was sponsored by Clann Chaimbeul.  After the Plantation began in 1609 these Highlanders remained on their lands in the Laggan district.  Their experiences with the New Order in Ulster was different than other Redshank (Highland Scots) communities living in Ireland.  One reason was these particular Redshanks were of the Reformed faith.  Clann Chaimbeul, under the fifth Earl of Argyll were early converts to the Reformed faith.  While they retained their Gaelic language and culture they did in time become part of the general Ulster Scots community in the Laggan. When the Ulster Migration began in 1718 they were on the first ships that left for the Colonies and throughout the eighteenth century they continued to migrate in great numbers.  In the New World they were part of the people that became what we call today, the Scots-Irish.    

 

Scale of Viking Ancestry in Scotland

Link: Scale of Viking Ancestry in Scotland.

Article about the percentage of Scots with Viking ancestry. 

Route District Family History Study

DO YOU HAVE ROOTS IN ‘THE ROUTE’?

Ballymoney Museum will be hosting the third Route Back Home family history conference in 2014.  The conference will run from 24-27 September and will be based in Ballymoney Town Hall.

 

The Route Back Home has been developed to assist people who are researching their ancestry in Ballymoney, Co. Antrim.  The conference is an opportunity to meet other people from across the world who share an interest in North Antrim, a region traditionally known as "the Route”.

 

The programme will include contributions by prominent genealogy experts including:

• Dorothy Arthur, Genealogist & Author
• S.A. Blair, Historian & Author
• Dr. Tyrone Bowes, Genetic Genealogy
• Mary Bradley, Local Studies Service, Ballymena, Libraries NI
• Dr. Patrick Fitzgerald, Mellon Centre for Migration Studies
• Gillian Hunt, Ulster Historical Foundation
• Dr. Glynn Kelso, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland
• Dr. Linde Lunney, Dictionary of Irish Biography, Royal Irish Academy
• Elwyn Soutter, Genealogist
• Deidre Speer-Whyte, Ulster-Scots Community Network
• Leah Tweed, Ballymoney Branch Library, Libraries NI

 

The Route Back Home is supported by the Coleraine Branch of the North of Ireland Family History Society (www. http://colerainefhs.org.uk/) and their members will be available to help and provide advice for delegates throughout the conference.

 

In addition, delegates will be able to visit important archives which hold essential information for family history research:

• Local Studies Service, Ballymena
• Ballymoney Branch Library
• Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, Belfast
• General Register Office of Northern Ireland, Belfast

 

HOW DO I BOOK MY PLACE?

Delegates must pay the full booking fee of £180 to be allocated a place at the conference.  Only 20 places are available and bookings cannot be confirmed until receipt of a completed booking form and full payment.  The conference fee includes:

• Daily lunch and regular refreshments
• Conference dinner and drinks reception
• Research trips to Belfast and Ballymena

 

Please contact me at this email address if you require further information and I look forward to hopefully seeing you in September.

Regards,

 

Keith Beattie

Museum Manager

Ulster and West Highland Clan names

Many people with Gaelic origin surnames are interested in researching their clan connections. This is cannot be done by assuming one’s last name is also a clan surname.  Many Gaelic surnames are not clan surnames and do not relate to historical clans.  They are surnames created from Gaelic patronymic naming customs.  Many Gaelic surnames were not fixed in until very late, circa 1500s into the 1600s.  Even then the use of clan surnames was not universal and was often a form only found on legal documents written by government officials, rather than the surname a family actually used in their community.[1]  Clan surnames were used more by older sons of landed families. In other cases families related to a historical clan via marriage, via legal contracts such a manrents (military obligations to a lord), tacsmen (land managers) or just allies, would take the surname of the clan to which they were associated.  The best way to  research one’s clan connections is through Y chromosome DNA testing (Y-DNA) and a study of the history of a district that the family originated.

Y Chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) testing usually provides a kinship group of surnames with the same paternal kinship.   Often the non-surname matches are as important as the surname matches when trying ascertain clan connections.  Many Gaelic clans had groups of surnames associated with them. There are many examples of this that have turned up in DNA results.

If you have tested your Y-DNA at the 67 or 111 and a definite kinship group has appeared the surnames in the group usually give important data relevant to past clan connections.  A good first step is to have research done on the etymology and history of those particular surnames.  Sometimes this alone reveals a family past clan connections.  For example, the common Ulster and west Highland surname of Campbell, most times this is the anglicised form of Caimbeul from the well-known Argyll family.   But some Campbell families have a kinship group that includes the surname Caulfield which an Ulster Heritage researcher knew to be anglicised form of the name Mac Cathmhaoil, a county Tyrone Irish Gaelic family and that this family used both Caulfield and Campbell as anglicised forms of their surname.  This gave this particular Campbell family their real history and geographic location to conduct further research.  This type of breakthrough happens often in the Ulster Heritage Project.

If one of your research goals is to explore your clan connections and you have reached a brick wall with your paternal kinship group matches it might help to have an expert look at the group and do an analysis of them.  This involves etymology, history, and geographic analysis of the kinship group and an examination of any primary sources.  It is complex work often working with Gaelic language sources, but can provide valuable insight into a family’s clan connections.   If you have reached a point that you would like your kinship group analyzed please contact Ulster Heritage.

Ricky Skaggs

'My family on my mother's side were Scots-Irish - they were the Fergusons who left Limavady and East Donegal for America in the early part of the 18th century. They eventually moved to Kentucky where I grew up with a real taste for bluegrass music which has its origins in the north of Ireland and Scotland.   Rickey Skaggs

Donagheady Parish County Donegal

If you have ancestors from County Tyrone, Three centuries of life in a Tyrone parish. A history of Donagheady from 1600 to 1900, by Dr William Roulston is an excellent book for not only family history and genealogy research, but also to better understand life in that part of Ulster. This book is highly recommended.


This book tells the story of the parish of Donagheady and its families over three centuries. Donagheady occupies the most northerly portion of County Tyrone. It is a large parish, stretching from the River Foyle to the Sperrins. In the period covered by this study Donagheady experienced massive changes with the result that the parish in 1900 was a very different place from the one it had been in 1600. Through the Plantation and subsequent waves of migration in the seventeenth century, especially from Scotland, the character of much of the parish was transformed.

The creation and disintegration of the estate system in Donagheady is also charted in this volume and the fate and fortunes of the landowning families and their tenants is explored. The histories of the main religious denominations are covered, as well as the nature of rural society itself. Other chapters in this book examine the impact of the Great Famine on the parish, the development of the village of Dunnamanagh, attempts to improve educational provision, the rise and decline of rural industries, and the relationship between Donagheady and the wider world.

William Roulston is from the townland of Gortavea in the parish of Donagheady, and was raised on a farm that has been in his family’s possession since 1830. He is the Research Director of the Ulster Historical Foundation. His other books include The parishes of Leckpatrick and Dunnalong: their place in history (2000), Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors (2005), and Restoration Strabane, 1660-1714 (2007).

Link to purchase Ebook format:  Three Centuries of Life in a Tyrone Parish. A History of Donagheady from 100 to 1900.

Corn Bread, Scots-Irish Icon

In the 18th Century when many thousands of Ulster's sons and daughters came to New World to settle on the frontier, they brought with them their folkways, music, etc., and also their foods and methods of food preparation. Many of the cooking styles and foods became in time quintessentially 'American.' Foremost among these would be the humble and incredibly delicious cornbread.

The Ulster settlers brought with them a tradition of cooking flat oat breads on a griddle, something that had been done for several thousands years in Ulster. Now, in the New World these Ulster settlers quickly adapted to the new foods available to them. In the Ulster settlements oats and wheat quickly gave way to corn and the traditional griddle cooked oatcake was then made of corn. This trait of borrowing from other cultures they were exposed to was a factor in the success of Ulster folk on the frontier.

Griddle cooked cornbread quickly became the bread of the Scotch-Irish communities and the bread followed them as the pushed the frontier west. This wonderfully simple food is still commonly found in those areas where the Scotch-Irish settled and it is to this day a staple on the supper table of the descendants of these Ulster folk, especially in the American South.

The bread is simplicity itself, a little cornmeal, an egg, some leavening, a pinch of salt, and enough buttermilk to make a batter. This is poured onto a cast iron hot skillet with bacon grease or oil in it. In the past the bread was cooked in a skillet next to the fireplace or anyplace where coals were available. When Dutch ovens came into use, the cooking of cornbread was often done in them. Later still, when ovens became a common kitchen appliance, the cornbread recipes were adapted for the modern oven, where it came into its present day form.

The cooking of cornbread in the South is an art as well as a science. Many families have special cast iron skillets, often that have been in the family for generations, in which the cornbread is cooked. Many women have wooden bowls and spoons handed down in from past generations, in which the batter is made. It is served with butter with a meal and can also be served after a meal with honey or sorghum syrup, as sweet.

Cornbread is a wonderful food, simple, tasty, and also part of  the cultural continuum from Ulster.

Donagheady Presbyterian Churches

Donagheady Presbyterian Churches

A Brief History & Photos

Edited and Submitted by

James A. McKane

jamckane[at]gmail.com

In the early 17th century, the Scottish colony, Abercorn Estate which owned the manor of Dunnalong, was established in the Bready area. In 1622, the nearest church at Old Donagheady was in a sad state of repair being roofless. It was restored to become a Protestant place of worship. In the Rebellion of 1641, it was destroyed with the minister being fatally wounded.

John Hamilton was the first Presbyterian minister in Donagheady. He arrived in the 1650s from Scotland. At the time of the Restoration in 1660 Hamilton refused to conform to the will and practices of the Church of Ireland; therefore he lived as a virtual outlaw. Persecution by the authorities forced Hamilton to secretly preach to followers in small groups. Traditional lore has it that the Presbyterians met in the Wood near Magheramason. In 1667, the Church of Ireland Bishop of Derry excommunicated 19 Presbyterians from Donagheady.

Slowly restrictions became more relaxed with the Presbyterians of Donagheady being allowed to build their first church in Altrest townland in 1672.  Rev. Hamilton ministered at Donagheady until his death during the Siege in 1689 at Derry. Lore claims that his small gravestone, which can no longer by found was in the north-west corner of Grange graveyard. It is still debated whether he was actually buried in Grange as the gravestone may have only been to his memory. There was no minister at Donagheady Presbyterian until Rev. Thomas Wensley was ordained on 16 January 1699. After the service in the church, Church business was concluded after the service in the tavern, later known as Molly Kelly's, in Drumgauty close to the Grange graveyard.

Following the death of Rev. Wensley in 1736, a dispute over the choice of their next minister ended with the congregation splitting into two separate divisions. At its lowest point, there was a riot in the church during a Sunday service. By 1741, the Synod of Ulster agreed to splitting the congregation in two parts. The congregation in the original church became known as First Donagheady with the new one named Second Donagheady. The situation was so ridiculous that the Second Donagheady Church was built only 300 metres from the old one.

In the latter 1800s, both congregations built new churches. With changes in economic conditions membership in both congregations dwindled forcing the two Donagheady congregations to unite on 1 January 1933.  With the union, Second Donagheady was chosen at the succeeding church. A plaque in the church commemorates the union and honours the two retiring ministers – Rev. John Rutherford and Rev. James Connell.

The old First Donagheady church building was allowed to fall into disrepair and was later demolished. Today, there are two houses on the First Donagheady property with a portion of an original wall of the church still there.

 

First Donagheady Presbyterian, pre 1933

Link to additional photos: Donagheady Presbyterian Churches.

Belfast Historical Society and Museum

Fort Richmond, located in Richmond, Maine near Augusta, was a pre-Revolutionary War military garrison first built on the site in 1721 to protect early settlers ...from Indian raids. Information about Fort Richmond remained a mystery until 2011, when an extensive archaeological dig began to unearth artifacts and the structure of the fort. Since work began, walkways, walls, chimney bases, cellars and a cistern have been found.

It is the topic for the Belfast Historical Society meeting at 7 p.m. on Monday, August 26, in the Abbott Room at the Belfast Free Library. Leith Smith, staff archaeologist with the Maine Historic Preservation Commission, will present photographs and historical information about the excavation site.

Gaelic Place Names in Scotland Link

A basic part of family history and genealogical research is geographic place names.  Many Scottish geographic place names are Gaelic or of Gaelic origin and appear in an anglicised form. 

Link to website concerning Gaelic Geographic names:  Gaelic Place Names in Scotland

Ulster and the Scottish Lowlands Genetic Link

The Niall of the Nine Hostages haplogroup (genetic signature) was one of the first large family groups discovered by DNA testing.  It was designated as the Northwest Irish modal, because so many Irish in northwest Ireland have this paternal ancestry. It genetic short hand it is called the R-M222 family.

The R-M222 branch of the Y-DNA tree  has a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) called M222. As more men participate in DNA testing an interesting pattern has developed.  This diagnostic marker is not only found in many individuals whose roots lie in the counties of Northwest Ireland and Ulster in general, but it is also found in the Scottish Lowlands.

The map above shows the area where this profile is most often found. In the county of Donegal an incredible 20% of the population share this paternal ancestry.  The map shows where the R-M222 is found in significant numbers, but it is also found throughout Ireland and Scotland, from the Orkney islands south to the shires of northern England.  It even shows up in Iceland and Norway.

Laggan District Research

For all interested in the Laggan district, the book In the Days of the Laggan Presbytery is now available as an Ebook on the Ulster Heritage website.   Description of the book below:

By Rev. Alexander G. Lecky, B.A. Published 1908, 148 pages

In the Preface, Rev. Leck writes “these everyday transactions gives us a clearer picture of some phases of the social and religious life of by-gone times than would a record of the more important events with which the historian deals.”

The writer gleans a great volume of important information from the Minutes of the Laggan Presbytery including its origin, the division of the Presbytery, its subsequent re-unification which is followed by the re-division into three Presbyteries. He also discusses travel problems in the area and congregational disputes which include those between Strabane and Donagheady as well as Urney and Letterkenny.

The book includes transcriptions of the wills of Rev. Robert Cunningham, Mrs. Frances Cunningham and Rev. Hugh Cunningham; the names of the ministers of the Laggan Presbytery; and the names of those attending Presbytery meetings from 1672-1700 as Ruling Elders and Commissioners.


Link to purchase:  In the Days of the Laggan Presbytery

Hance Hamilton Scots-Irish Icon

Hance Hamilton was the quintessential Scots-Irish man.  Colonial history books tell of his many accomplishments and exploits.  He is a well documented figure that left behind many letters and official reports and he is mentioned in many Crown records.  Yet, his origins and early life are a mystery.

Hance Hamilton was the de facto leader of the Ulster settlement at Marsh Creek, which is where present day Gettysburg stands.  In the late 1740s and early 1750s he served as sheriff of the Adams County.  He also served as a magistrate for Adams County.   He was a captain of the militia and later rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.  He was a leader in French and Indian War and participated the famous Kittaning Expedition against the Delawares.  He fought in many very brutal battles, of a nature common on the frontier,  and in these he exhibited great bravery and leadership.  He was well educated, a Latin speaker, his peer circle include the likes of George Washington, he was a man of his age that did extremely well.

The mysteries about him concern with his date and father.   Hance Hamilton was born in Ireland, probably in northwest Tyrone or east Donegal.  Most histories of him state he was born in 1721, however that date is too late to explain his oldest son Thomas being made deputy sheriff in the early 1750s.  The current tombstone on his grave was placed there in the late 1800s, the original one was broken and very hard to read.  There is the distinct possibility that the 'birth' date on the replaced tombstone is incorrect given the math of his older son's life.

The father of Hance Hamilton is often listed as Hance Hamilton Sr who led a fleet contain 140 families that landed at New Castle, Delaware in 1729, but there is no record of this fleet or any record of an older Hance Hamilton.  Such a large influx of settlers would certainly have been noticed and it would have taken several ships to carry so many people, but Colonial records do not record the event.  However, it is possible that Hance Hamilton arrived on a ship that came into New Castle, Delaware in 1729.    But he very well could have already been living in the PA Colony.

It is known he had at least two brothers, James Hamilton who died in 1748 and John Hamilton who took care of Hance Hamilton's will.

Scots-Irish soldiers 1750s

There are several researchers trying to unravel the true story of this remarkable Scots-Irish man.  If anyone has any primary sources concerning Lt Col Hance Hamilton of the Marsh Creek settlement, please send a note to the Ulster Heritage Magazine and we will forward it to the interested parties.

Ludovic Stewart of the Laggan

 Ludovic Stewart was the 2 Duke of Lennox and was one of the primary Planters in east Donegal.  His lands had belonged to Iníon Dubh, the wife of Aodh Mac Manus Ó Dónaill.  Of interest, he was a cousin to Iníon Dubh.  In 1591 he was appointed Lord High Admiral of Scotland and his connections to James VI were responsible for him becoming one of the largest land holders in the New Order in Ulster. 

In the Plantation he was granted the lands at Portlough Precinct in the Barony of Raphoe in County Donegal.  His son, illegitimate, John Stewart, was given Mongavlin castle, which was Iníon Dubh’s residence, and the surrounding lands. 

At the time of the Plantation in 1609, the Stewart lands in Portlough Precinct already had a sizable number of Scottish Highlanders living there .  These Highlanders were called ‘Redshanks.’  They had settled in Portlough in the mid to late 1500s and most of them had Clann Chaimbeul connections.  The settlers that Ludovic brought over from Scotland were from his lands in Lennox, which were on the edge of the Scottish Highlands.  These settlers along with the existing Scottish Highlanders gave the district a decidedly strong Scottish Gaelic element which shows up in the surnames in the early records.  Stewart was born in September of 1574 and died in February of 1624.  His brother, Esme Stewart, became the new Duke of Lennox and took over headship of the Stewart lands in east Donegal.   

Iníon Dubh

model and photographer Niamh O'Rourke and actor, archaeologist, Dave Swift portray Iníon Dubh and Redshank in a recent Irish photo shoot.  

Iníon Dubh (said, Nee-an doo) is one of the most remembered and beloved heroines in Irish history.  Iníon Dubh was her pet name which means 'black haired daughter.'  She was Fionnuala Ní Dhónaill née Nic Dhónaill.  She was a Gaelic aristocrat, the daughter of the taoiseach of clann Mhic Dhónaill, Seamus Mac Dónaill, and Ann Chaimbeul, the daughter of the third Earl of Argyll, head of clann Chaimbeul.  She was multi lingual, speaking her native Gaelic, Latin, and English.  She was born on Islay and spent much of her early life in the Scottish Court.  She married Aodh Mac Manus Ó Dónaill in the summer of 1569.   She moved to the Laggan district of Donegal with some 1,000 Redshanks recruited from clans Caimbeul and Mac Dónaill.

With her husband's health failing, she became the de facto taoiseach of Clann Uí Dhónaill by the mid 1580s.  She was by this time also the most powerful person in west Ulster, because she commanded her own army of very devoted Redshanks.  An account of her career in Donegal will be included in the book A Short History of the Laggan Redshanks, 1569-1630, which will be published by Ulster Heritage Publishing later this spring.

Iníon Dubh was the mother of Aodh Rua Ó Dónaill who led his west Ulster army to many victories against the English in the Nine Years War (1594-1603). 

She lived at Mongavlin just south of St Johnston, in east Donegal.  The remains of her castle are still standing.  Her legacy still lives in Donegal in the many families there that are of Redshank origins.

Gaelic Language in east Belfast

There is an increasing amount of research into Ulster's Irish speaking Protestant community.  Dr Peter Toner Sr's well known research into the predominately Presbyterian Gaeltachtaí (Irish speaking areas) in New Brunswick, Canada, in the mid 18th Century well into the 20th Century, made many aware of this largely understudied aspect of Ulster history. 

Many Irish speaking Ulster Scots descend from the migration of Argyll and Hebridean Redshanks into Ulster in both the 1500s and 1600s.  Recently as Irish census records of the early 1900s have come on line some Ulster Presbyterians have discovered Irish speaking ancestors. As these Ulster Scots migrated to the New World, they often brought their Gaelic language with them.

Below, a link to The Irish Times article Ulster says Tá, which highlights the growing interest in learning Gaelic among the Protestant community in east Belfast.

Link:  Irish Language in East Belfast

Mid Argyll Kinship Group

 

The research into the Mid Argyll Kinship Group picking up pace with the creation of the Mid Argyll Group DNA project.  The project will collect DNA results from those men are in the group. The project is only open to men that are a paternal DNA match to the group, which is a Gaelic paternal kinship clan indigenous to mid Argyll.

The project's goal is to research the Mid Argyll Kinship Group circa 1300 to late 1500s. . The geographic area of the study is the parish of Kilmichael Glassary and the immediate surrounding districts.

The surnames in the group are Duncan, Gay, McGay, Gray, Henry, Henrie, McAlpin, McCain, McCane, McKane, McKain, McKean, McKeen, McDonald, and McLea.  In Gaelic, Mac Donnchaidh, Mag Aodh, Glass, Mac Eanruig, Mac Ailpín, Mac Eáin, Mac Dónaill, and Mac an Leagha.   Another surname of interest in the research are McLachlain (Mac Lachlainn) and the project is open to any male that is a high level DNA match to the group.

The reason are so many surnames in the group is because surnames were not fixed in Argyll in the 1500s.  Gaelic families often followed traditional patronymic customs of mid Argyll.  This generated several surnames within the same family during that century.

The surnames in this DNA match group were in use in Kilmichael Glassary in the 1500s.  Most of these surnames appear in records connected to the Mac Lachlainn 'clan'  of Dunadd.   It is speculated that the Mid Argyll Kinship group is actually the Mac Lachlainn of Dunadd family.

The families of the Mid Argyll Kinship Group played an important role in the history of Ulster.  Many of the families in this kinship group migrated from mid Argyll to the Foyle River area from 1569-to the late 1590s.  They were Redshank soldiers connected to the Ó Dónaill and Ó Neill clans.

This project will have Dr Kyle MacLea as a co-administrator;  he is a graduate of Dartmouth College and teaches at Linfield College, Portland, Oregon.   Barry R McCain will be a co-administrator; he is a graduate of Ole Miss and is a writer living in Oxford, Mississippi.  Mr McCain will working with the primary source research and Gaelic language elements.

Link to Join the Mid Argyll Kinship Group DNA project:   Mid Argyll Group

Scots Irish in Maine

Link to excellent website with data on the Scots-Irish in Maine;  Ulster Scots in Maine

Strabane & West Ulster In the 1800s Ebook

Strabane & West Ulster In The 1800s
History From The Broadsheets
Selections from The Strabane Morning Post 1812 – 1837

Strabane & West Ulster in the 1800s, is an in-depth look at the lives and time of people of all classes and creeds in the early decades of the 19th century. The information is extracted from the pages of the weekly newspaper, The Strabane Morning Post, and much previously unavailable material has now been brought into the public domain. Descriptions of floods, fevers and famines provide insights into the problems of everyday life, while advertisements demonstrate the extent of economic activity and the range of products available to those who could afford to pay. The copious coverage of court cases sheds light on the extent of lawlessness and the severity of law enforcement while regional and parliamentary affairs are also highlighted.
This compilation is therefore both an entertaining examination of the foibles of a past age and a comprehensive source base for further analysis of key events and responses. It is a must for anyone interested in the everyday responses of ordinary people in their own environment to a rapidly changing world and a major addition for researchers and genealogists in unraveling an era in which evidential material has been difficult to locate. This limited edition publication should take pride of place among a range of local materials from West Ulster and provide endless hours of pleasurable engagement in the concerns of another age. Click for Full Index

This e-book is every-word-searchable. Includes Introduction, Dedication, Preface, Appendix, Index. 428 pages: Instantly Downloadable - Only $16.95

Link:   Ulster Heritage Books

County Tyrone history now available as an Ebook

Three centuries of life in a Tyrone parish.
A history of Donagheady from 1600 to 1900

This book tells the story of the parish of Donagheady and its families over three centuries. Donagheady occupies the most northerly portion of County Tyrone. It is a large parish, stretching from the River Foyle to the Sperrins. In the period covered by this study Donagheady experienced massive changes with the result that the parish in 1900 was a very different place from the one it had been in 1600. Through the Plantation and subsequent waves of migration in the seventeenth century, especially from Scotland, the character of much of the parish was transformed.

The creation and disintegration of the estate system in Donagheady is also charted in this volume and the fate and fortunes of the landowning families and their tenants is explored. The histories of the main religious denominations are covered, as well as the nature of rural society itself. Other chapters in this book examine the impact of the Great Famine on the parish, the development of the village of Dunnamanagh, attempts to improve educational provision, the rise and decline of rural industries, and the relationship between Donagheady and the wider world.

William Roulston is from the townland of Gortavea in the parish of Donagheady, and was raised on a farm that has been in his family’s possession since 1830. He is the Research Director of the Ulster Historical Foundation. His other books include The parishes of Leckpatrick and Dunnalong: their place in history (2000), Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors (2005), and Restoration Strabane, 1660-1714 (2007).
 
This e-book is every-word-searchable and includes Griffiths Valuation for the Parish. 390 pages

To Purchase use this link:  Ulster Heritage Ebooks